Cats or dogs? In East Asia, more people are becoming feline fans
Cats or Dogs? East Asia’s Shifting Loyalties in the Animal Kingdom
Cats or dogs In East Asia – In recent years, a quiet revolution has taken place in the hearts of pet lovers across East Asia. Once a matter of personal preference, the debate between cat and dog enthusiasts has taken on new significance as more individuals gravitate toward feline companions. This trend, marked by a growing preference for cats, has reshaped pet ownership dynamics in regions like Taiwan, mainland China, and South Korea, while also influencing cultural attitudes toward urban living and companionship.
The Rise of the Feline Dominance
Taiwan stands out as a pivotal case study in this shift. According to a government survey, the island reached a critical milestone in 2025 when its pet cat population surpassed that of dogs for the first time. The number of cats soared from 1.3 million in 2023 to 1.7 million by 2025—a rise of nearly 33%—highlighting the rapid pace of this transformation. Similar patterns emerged in mainland China, where the tipping point occurred in 2021, and Japan, which saw cats outpace dogs a decade earlier. Even in South Korea and Hong Kong, where dogs remain more prevalent, cats are steadily gaining traction.
Experts attribute this phenomenon to the unique characteristics of urban life in the region. Small apartments, bustling cities, and the fast-paced nature of modern work environments have created an ideal setting for cats. “Cats are more convenient in a city,” remarked Ellen Chung, a Hong Kong resident. Speaking to CNN at a cat café where visitors mingled with feline companions, she noted that the time demands of dog ownership—such as frequent walks and outdoor exercise—often clash with the busy schedules of city dwellers. “Some people are afraid of dogs, and others just prefer the cuter option,” she added, reflecting a broader cultural sentiment.
Urban Living and the Psychological Shift
The growing appeal of cats is closely tied to the challenges of city life. As people become increasingly isolated in densely populated areas, pets are seen not just as animals but as emotional anchors. Paul Wong, a clinical psychologist at the University of Hong Kong, observed that the decision to own a cat now mirrors the choice to have a child. “City living has made people more hesitant to take on the responsibilities of parenthood,” he explained. “A cat becomes a substitute for that companionship, offering a sense of connection without the same level of commitment.”
This shift in perception has redefined the role of pets. Historically, dogs were valued for their utility—providing security, guarding property, and controlling pests. Cats, on the other hand, were often seen as mere household helpers. But over the past decade, the narrative has flipped. “Cats are now used to tackle loneliness,” Wong said. “Their independence and low-maintenance nature make them a perfect fit for individuals navigating the pressures of urban existence.”
Historical Context and Cultural Factors
While the current surge in cat popularity is undeniable, it has roots in historical and cultural trends. Japan, for example, has long been a haven for feline affection. The global phenomenon of Hello Kitty, a cartoon character created in 1974, is just one facet of this deep-rooted connection. Beyond pop culture, Japan’s “cat islands”—remote regions where wild cat populations thrive—have also become symbols of the country’s enduring love for felines. These islands, often visited by tourists, underscore the cultural significance of cats in the region.
South Korea, however, had a different trajectory. For years, cats were associated with ill fortune or even evil spirits, which contributed to their lower status compared to dogs. This perception began to change dramatically after the onset of the pandemic. A 2025 report by KB Financial Group highlighted a sharp increase in cat ownership, particularly as lockdowns limited outdoor activities. “With fewer opportunities to take dogs for walks, people found cats to be more adaptable,” said Beijing Gong Su-hyun, a veterinarian at the Ballyeomaru cat adoption center in Hwaseong, South Korea. “The convenience of indoor living made cats a more practical choice.”
Demographic Changes and Social Pressures
East Asia’s demographic landscape has also played a role in this trend. Over recent decades, young generations have migrated from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment, leaving behind depopulated villages and a shrinking elderly population. This urbanization has altered social dynamics, creating a culture that prioritizes flexibility and efficiency. As a result, many East Asians are reevaluating their long-term commitments, including marriage and parenthood.
Hyper-competitive job markets, stagnant wages, and high living costs have intensified the pressure on young professionals. In China, the overwork culture became so extreme that the country’s top court criticized it in 2021. Japan, meanwhile, has its own term for “death by overwork”—karoshi—reflecting the deep societal impact of grueling work hours. These conditions have made cats an attractive alternative to dogs, as they require less time and effort to care for. “The younger generation values pets for their emotional support, not their utility,” noted Joe Ngai, an assistant professor at Hong Kong Shue Yan University. “Cats fit seamlessly into the rhythm of city life.”
Compounding these challenges is a broader societal trend of declining birth rates. Despite government initiatives to encourage family growth, fewer East Asians are choosing to have children. This decline is linked to the financial and emotional costs of raising a family in an environment where job security is uncertain. “Owning a cat feels like a smaller, more manageable responsibility,” said Gong Su-hyun. “It’s a way to experience companionship without the same level of long-term obligation.”
A Cultural Reckoning
The popularity of cats also reflects a deeper cultural reckoning. In societies where traditional values once emphasized family and community, the modern individual is increasingly seeking personal fulfillment. This has led to a redefinition of what it means to be a pet owner. “Cats are no longer just animals—they’re symbols of comfort and companionship,” said Wong. “They represent a connection to something more intimate, like a child, but with fewer demands.”
As East Asia continues to evolve, the feline boom shows no signs of slowing. From the bustling streets of Hong Kong to the tech-driven cities of China, cats have become the preferred companions for many. This shift not only highlights changing attitudes toward pets but also underscores broader societal shifts in how people approach life, work, and relationships. “The rise of cats is a reflection of modern life’s demands and desires,” concluded Ngai. “It’s a sign that people are seeking simplicity and closeness in an increasingly complex world.”
With over 1.7 million cats in Taiwan and similar growth in other regions, the balance between feline and canine loyalty is tipping. The trend may not be a passing fad but a lasting change in how people choose companions in an era of urbanization, economic uncertainty, and emotional longing. As cities expand and lifestyles become more demanding, cats seem poised to remain the favored choice for many East Asians.